There are mainly two causes for the swelling of the Prostate – non-cancerous and cancerous. Mild swelling of the region with smooth edges and regular surface is generally non-cancerous, which is also called Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (or BPH). However, if there is swelling along with irregular surface and rough or bumpy edges, it could be cancerous. It is not advised to judge them merely on the basis of these symptoms. If you notice any of these conditions visit your doctor immediately.