Question 1

Is bedwetting always abnormal?

Accepted Answer

Not always. It can be part of development, but evaluation helps if it is persistent or associated with symptoms

Question 2

What is VUR?

Accepted Answer

VUR is urine flowing back towards the kidneys; it can increase infection risk and needs monitoring.

Question 3

Do all congenital problems need surgery?

Accepted Answer

No. Some only need observation and follow-up; surgery is for selected conditions

Question 4

How are urinary stones treated in children?

Accepted Answer

Treatment depends on stone size and location and may include medicines, endoscopy or surgery.

Question 5

What tests are usually needed?

Accepted Answer

Ultrasound and urine tests are first steps; other tests are used selectively

Question 6

Can UTIs affect kidneys?

Accepted Answer

Repeated infections can affect kidneys in some children; timely treatment and prevention plans help

Question 7

When should I consult urgently?

Accepted Answer

High fever with urinary symptoms, severe pain or inability to pass urine needs prompt review

Question 8

What should I bring?

Accepted Answer

Urine culture, ultrasound reports and any prior treatment notes.

Paediatric Urology Programme