Have you been experiencing irregular menstrual bleeding, unexpected spotting, or discomfort in your pelvic area? Often misunderstood, these uterine polyps in the uterine lining have the potential to disrupt daily life and, in rare instances, may lead to more serious health concerns. They often appear as irregular menstrual bleeding, heavy periods, spotting, or bleeding after menopause.

Other symptoms include pelvic pain, pressure, or fertility challenges, leading to infertility or recurrent miscarriages. Timely diagnosis through ultrasounds or hysteroscopy is essential for effective treatment. In this guide, we’ll discuss everything you need to know about uterine polyps, from their early warning signs and possible triggers to the most advanced treatment options available.

Symptoms of Uterine Polyps
Causes of Uterine Polyps
Treatment for Uterine Polyps
Risk Factors of Uterine Polyps
Did You Know?
Myths & Facts
Conclusion
Whom to Consult
Frequently Asked Questions

Symptoms of Uterine Polyps

Let’s discuss about the noticeable symptoms of uterine polyps in detail:

Abnormal uterine bleeding: The most common symptom, can manifest as irregular menstrual bleeding, heavy periods, bleeding between periods, or postmenopausal bleeding.
Pelvic pain: Some women may experience pelvic pain or a feeling of pressure.
Infertility: Uterine polyps can interfere with the implantation of a fertilised egg, leading to infertility or recurrent miscarriages.
Irregular menstrual cycles: Changes in the frequency or duration of menstrual cycles may occur.
Other Symptoms: Spotting, bleeding after intercourse, and menopausal bleeding are also possible signs.

Causes of Uterine Polyps

The exact cause of uterine polyps remains unclear, but several factors may contribute to their development:

Hormonal imbalances: Fluctuations in oestrogen levels can stimulate the growth of the uterine lining, potentially leading to polyps.
Chronic inflammation: Long-term inflammation in the uterus may play a role.
Age: Women who are perimenopausal or postmenopausal are more susceptible.
Obesity: Being overweight has been linked to an increased risk.
Tamoxifen use: Women taking tamoxifen, a medication for breast cancer, may have a higher likelihood of developing uterine polyps.

Treatment for Uterine Polyps

Treatment depends on the severity of symptoms, the size and number of polyps, and the patient’s fertility goals. Common options include:

Monitoring: Small, asymptomatic polyps may only require regular observation.
Medications: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or hormonal treatments, such as progestins, can alleviate symptoms or shrink polyps.
Hysteroscopy: A minimally invasive procedure where a thin, lighted tube is used to view and remove polyps.
Dilation and Curettage (D&C): If hysteroscopy is unsuitable, this procedure can scrape away polyps.
Surgery: In severe cases or if cancer is suspected, a uterine polyp removal process is performed which includes surgery such as a hysterectomy.

Risk Factors of Uterine Polyps

Factors that may increase the risk of developing uterine polyps include:

Age: Most common in women in their 40s and 50s.
Hormonal factors: Oestrogen fluctuations promote polyp growth.
Obesity: Overweight women are at higher risk.
Hypertension: High blood pressure has been associated with polyps.
Family history: A genetic predisposition may exist.
Chronic inflammation: Persistent uterine inflammation can be a contributing factor.

It’s important to understand that although these factors can raise the likelihood of developing uterine polyps, not everyone with these risk factors will experience them. If you notice any concerning symptoms or have questions about uterine polyps, seeking guidance from a healthcare professional is recommended for accurate assessment and appropriate care.

Did You Know?

Uterine polyps, also known as endometrial polyps, range in size from a few millimetres to several centimetres.
Uterine fibroids are non-cancerous growths that affect up to 70-80% of women by the age of 50, yet many remain asymptomatic and unaware of their presence. Unlike uterine fibroids, which grow from muscle tissue, polyps arise from the uterine lining, often leading to irregular bleeding rather than pressure symptoms.
While their exact cause is unknown for uterine polyps, factors such as hormonal imbalances, obesity, and high blood pressure increase the risk.

Myths & Facts

Myth 1: Uterine polyps always cause infertility.
Fact: While they can interfere with fertility, many women conceive naturally or after treatment.

Myth 2: Removal always requires major surgery.
Fact: Most polyps can be removed with minimally invasive procedures like hysteroscopy.

Myth 3: All uterine polyps are cancerous.
Fact: The majority are benign, though some may have precancerous or cancerous cells.

Conclusion

Uterine polyps are a common yet manageable gynaecological condition. Recognising symptoms such as irregular bleeding, pelvic discomfort, or infertility issues is vital for timely intervention. If you experience any symptoms or are at risk, consult a healthcare professional to determine the best course of action. Early detection and proper care are crucial for a healthier and more confident future.

Whom to Consult

If you're experiencing symptoms like irregular bleeding, pelvic discomfort, or suspect issues related to uterine fibroids or polyps, it’s essential to seek medical advice promptly. Consult our leading Gynaecology Department for comprehensive care and personalised treatment plans.

Don’t wait— Schedule a consultation today— Call us @ 08068617735

References

https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/uterine-polyps/symptoms-causes/syc-20378709
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14683-uterine-polyps

Table of Contents