An aortic aneurysm is a potentially life-threatening condition characterised by a bulge or weakening in the wall of the aorta, the main blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body. There are two main types of aortic aneurysms: thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAA), which occur in the chest area, and abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA), which occur in the abdomen.

The causes of aortic aneurysms are multifaceted, including factors such as atherosclerosis, high blood pressure, genetic disorders like Marfan syndrome, and trauma. While small aneurysms often don't produce symptoms, larger ones may cause pain in the chest, back, or abdomen, difficulty swallowing, hoarseness, or a pulsing sensation near the navel. Early detection and treatment are crucial, as a ruptured aortic aneurysm can be fatal.

How is Endovascular Aneurysm Repair (EVAR) used to treat Aortic Aneurysms?
Procedure For EVAR
Benefits of EVAR
Did You Know?
Myths and Facts
Conclusion
Whom to Consult
Frequently Asked Questions

How is Endovascular Aneurysm Repair (EVAR) used to treat Aortic Aneurysms?

Endovascular Aneurysm Repair (EVAR) has revolutionised the treatment of aortic aneurysms, offering a minimally invasive alternative to traditional open surgery. This innovative procedure is particularly beneficial for patients who may not be suitable candidates for open surgery due to age or other health conditions.

Procedure For EVAR

Preparation:

The patient undergoes preoperative imaging to determine the size and location of the aneurysm.
Local or general anaesthesia is administered.

Access:

Small incisions are made in the groin area to access the femoral arteries.
Catheters are inserted into these arteries.

Stent Graft Placement:

A compressed stent graft is guided through the catheter to the site of the aneurysm.
The stent graft is positioned precisely using real-time imaging.

Deployment:

The stent graft is expanded, creating a new path for blood flow.
This relieves pressure on the weakened aortic wall.

Confirmation:

Imaging is used to ensure proper placement and to check for any immediate complications.

Closure:

The catheters are removed, and the small incisions are closed.

Benefits of EVAR

Minimally Invasive: EVAR requires only small incisions, resulting in less pain and trauma compared to open surgery.
Shorter Hospital Stay: Patients typically spend 1-3 days in the hospital, compared to 5-7 days for open surgery.
Quicker Recovery: Most patients can return to normal activities within 2-4 weeks.
Lower Risk of Complications: EVAR has a lower risk of serious complications compared to open surgery, especially for older or high-risk patients.
Local Anaesthesia Option: In some cases, EVAR can be performed under local anaesthesia, benefiting patients who can't tolerate general anaesthesia.

After Care

Immediate Post-Procedure Care:

Patients are monitored in a recovery area for several hours.
Pain management and wound care instructions are provided.

Short-Term Care:

Follow-up appointment scheduled within 1-2 weeks.
Patients are advised to avoid strenuous activities for a few weeks.

Long-Term Care:

Regular follow-up imaging (CT or ultrasound) to monitor the stent graft and aneurysm.
Annual check-ups to ensure the continued effectiveness of the treatment.

Lifestyle Changes:

Smoking cessation is strongly recommended.
Blood pressure management is crucial.
A heart-healthy diet and regular exercise are encouraged.

Did You Know?

The first successful EVAR procedure was performed in 1990 by Dr Juan Parodi in Argentina, marking a significant milestone in vascular surgery.
EVAR has become so advanced that some procedures can now be performed using only local anaesthesia, allowing for treatment of patients who were previously considered too high-risk for any intervention.

Myths and Facts

Myth: All aortic aneurysms require immediate surgery.
Fact: Small aneurysms may only require monitoring. Surgery is typically recommended when the aneurysm reaches a certain size or is growing rapidly.

Myth: EVAR is suitable for all patients with aortic aneurysms.
Fact: While EVAR is widely applicable, some patients may still require open surgery depending on the aneurysm's location and anatomy.

Myth: After EVAR, patients no longer need to worry about their aneurysm.
Fact: Long-term follow-up is crucial to monitor for potential complications like endoleaks or stent graft migration.

Myth: Aortic aneurysms always cause noticeable symptoms.
Fact: Many aortic aneurysms are asymptomatic and are discovered incidentally during tests for other conditions.

Myth: EVAR completely cures the aneurysm.
Fact: EVAR manages the aneurysm by redirecting blood flow, but the weakened aortic wall remains. Ongoing management is necessary.

Conclusion

Understanding aortic aneurysms and their treatment options empowers patients to make informed decisions about their health. By working closely with healthcare providers, adhering to treatment plans, and making necessary lifestyle changes, patients can effectively manage aortic aneurysms and maintain their overall cardiovascular health.

Whom to Consult

Recognising the signs of an aortic aneurysm is essential for timely intervention. If you experience sudden, severe chest or back pain, a pulsing sensation in your abdomen, or unexplained weakness, seek medical help immediately.

SCHEDULE A CONSULTATION TODAY --- Our dedicated team is here to provide you with expert care and support every step of the way.

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