Most common head and neck malignancy
Smoking , alcohol, tobacco chewing , sharp dentures and most recently HPV
Mostly squamous cell carcinoma and less frequently salivary gland malignancy
Most frequently involved subsite of oral cavity as compared to buccal mucosa , alveolus , retromolar trigone , floor of mouth lips
Diagnosis:
Radiological Investigations in form of MRI tongue, CECT or CEMRI face and neck, PET CT for response assessment
Pathological Investigations: Incisional biopsy , Punch Biopsy , EUA+Biopsy , FOL +Biopsy , fine needle aspiration from neck node.
Treatment:
AIM : to give complete cure preserving functionality and minimizing therapy sequelae.
Primary : surgical , role of radiation in advanced cases , unresectable disease , or as an adjuvant to surgery with or without chemotherapy as in adjuvant or neo adjuvant setting
Early stage tongue carcinoma (T1 or T2) can be treated successfully with single modality treatment [surgery(Glossectomy any type with selective neck dissection)] or radiation
Advanced stage tongue carcinoma(T3 or T4) may require neoadjuvant chemotherapy or definitive chemoratiation (depending on the subsite). After response assessment, surgery ( glossectomy any twith neck dissection and locoregional /free flap ) or salvage surgery can be done
Recent advancements:
Transoral Laser surgery (CO2 laser, ND Yag laser, Er yag laser, KTM laser)
Transoral Robotic surgery
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors, Protein disulphide isomerases (PDIs) inhibitors as in for chemotherapy
Oral cancer Best cancer hospital in india