Q: What is lung cancer?
A: Lung cancer is a condition in which cells in the lungs grow uncontrollably to form a tumour. There are two main types of lung cancers – non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which accounts for nearly 85% of the cases, and small cell lung cancer (SCLC). The former is usually more treatable and the latter more aggressive.

Q: What causes lung cancer?
A: The main cause of lung cancer (nearly 85% of cases) is long-term exposure to tobacco smoke. Of course, non-smokers can also get lung cancer when they are exposed to carcinogens like asbestos, radon gas and air pollution. In certain cases, genetic factors also play a role.

Q: What are the symptoms of lung cancer?
A: When symptoms manifest, they could include persistent cough, hoarseness, unexplained weight loss, breathing problems, persistent chest pain and coughing up blood.

Q: How is lung cancer diagnosed?
A: Lung cancer is usually diagnosed through imaging tests like X-Rays and CT scans, lab tests like blood and sputum, and biopsies.

Q: What are the available treatment options for lung cancer?
A: Treatment options available to lung cancer patients include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy.

Q: Can lung cancer be prevented?
A: Not all cases can be prevented, but the risk can be reduced by avoiding tobacco, limiting exposure to carcinogens, maintaining a healthy lifestyle and going for regular screening, especially those with high risk.

Q: Why is early detection important?
A: Early detection of lung cancer seriously increases the chances of successful treatment completion and prevention of mortality. If it is detected before it has metastasized (spread to other parts of the body), lung cancer is much more treatable, often by surgery alone.

Q: What are the known risk factors for lung cancer?
A: Besides smoking, second-hand smoke, personal or family history, exposure to other carcinogens, certain dietary supplements like beta carotene, etc. are some of the known risk factors.

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Check out the below video by Dr Amitabha's expert insights on Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment: