Extrapyramidal Symptoms: What Causes Them and How to Stop Them

Q: What causes extrapyramidal symptoms?

EPS is primarily caused by the blockade of dopamine receptors in the brain, which disrupts the balance of neurotransmitters involved in motor control. This blockade can occur as a result of taking antipsychotic medications, particularly first-generation (typical) antipsychotics.

Q: How common are extrapyramidal symptoms?

Extrapyramidal symptoms are relatively common, especially with the use of first-generation antipsychotic medications. However, they can also occur with certain second-generation (atypical) antipsychotics, albeit less frequently.

Q: How can extrapyramidal symptoms be treated?

Treatment for extrapyramidal symptoms typically involves discontinuing or adjusting the dosage of the causative medication. Anticholinergic medications may sometimes be prescribed to help alleviate symptoms such as muscle stiffness and tremors. Other interventions, such as physical therapy and occupational therapy, may also be beneficial in managing symptoms.

Q: What should I do if I experience extrapyramidal symptoms?

If you experience extrapyramidal symptoms while taking antipsychotic medication, it is essential to consult your healthcare provider immediately. Your doctor can evaluate your symptoms, adjust your medication regimen if necessary, and recommend appropriate treatment options to help alleviate your symptoms and minimise potential complications.

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Extrapyramidal Symptoms: What Causes Them and How to Stop Them

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the four extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS)?

The four extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) include dystonia (sustained muscle contractions causing abnormal postures), akathisia (restlessness and an inability to sit still), parkinsonism (tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia), and tardive dyskinesia (involuntary, repetitive movements, often involving the face and tongue). These can result from certain medications or neurological disorders.