Overview

Cervical laminectomy is a surgical procedure performed to alleviate pressure on the spinal cord and nerves in the neck (cervical) region. During the surgery, a portion of the vertebral bone called the lamina is removed to create more space within the spinal canal. This increased space helps relieve compression caused by conditions such as spinal stenosis or herniated discs, which can lead to symptoms such as neck pain, arm pain, weakness, or numbness. The procedure aims to improve the patient's mobility and alleviate neurological symptoms in the upper extremities.

Advantages of Cervical Laminectomy

- Relief from Pain- The lamina of the neck vertebrae may suppress the spine leading to pain. Excessive pain in the neck restricts its working and does not allow the patient to move it in any direction. A neck surgery helps to get relief from this pain as it involves the removal of the lamina. The spine gets free from excess pressure, allowing the patient to have pain-free neck movement.
- Lowers Tingling Sensation in Arms/Legs- Pressurised spinal cord nerves lead to a tingling sensation in the arms and legs. As a result, the affected individual struggles to walk and cannot stand for longer hours. It happens due to bony spurs irritating the vertebrae. The surgery helps to remove these painful spurs and lower the tingling sensation. After the surgery, the patient can walk and eliminate the tingling sensation in the legs.
- Protected Spinal Nerves- Laminectomy helps to remove the bony spurs in the spine of the neck. It helps to lower the pain in the back and also helps to protect the spinal nerves from any further damage. The vertebrae of the neck spine are huge bones that help to protect the nerves and lower any possible numbness in the legs.

How is a cervical laminectomy performed?

A cervical laminectomy is a surgical procedure involving removing a portion of the vertebral bone called the lamina in the neck (cervical) region. The surgery is performed under general anaesthesia, and the patient is positioned face-down on the operating table.

The surgeon makes an incision in the back of the neck, exposing the cervical spine. Specialised instruments are used to carefully remove the lamina, a thin layer of bone covering the spinal canal. By removing the lamina, the surgeon creates more space within the spinal canal, relieving pressure on the spinal cord and nerves.

Depending on the specific condition and the extent of the compression, the surgeon may also remove other structures like thickened ligaments or parts of herniated discs that contribute to the compression.

After the procedure, the incision is closed, and the patient is taken to the recovery room. Typically, patients may need to wear a neck brace temporarily and undergo physical therapy to aid their recovery and rehabilitation. The surgery aims to improve the patient's quality of life by reducing symptoms such as neck pain, arm pain, weakness, or numbness caused by spinal cord or nerve compression.

Symptoms of Cervical Laminectomy

- Neck Pain- Neck pain indicates an urgent surgery when not treated with the help of non-surgical methods, such as medications, physical therapy, cervical traction, lifestyle modifications and more. The surgery helps in the removal of the lamina and bony spurs to lower the pressure on the spine, along with lowering the pain as well. Surgery is the last resort to deal with such issues for people suffering from neck pain, even after multiple medications and therapies.
- Restricted Movement- Bony spurs in the spine or damaged lamina may also limit the movement of the affected patient’s neck. The patient cannot move the neck or back in any direction, making it difficult to perform routine functions.
- Tingling or Numbness in Arms/Legs- If the surgery successfully relieved pressure on spinal nerves, arm pain, weakness, or numbness caused by nerve compression may improve gradually.

Risks of Cervical Laminectomy

Every surgery has its part of pros and cons. Mentioned below are some of the possible risks that can be observed during a cervical laminectomy:

- Nerve damage
- Infection
- Blood clot
- Fever
- Fluid discharge from the incision site

Post-Surgery Care Guidelines

- Medications- Pain after any type of surgery is a part of the healing procedure. A doctor may prescribe NSAIDs or other painkillers to avoid or lower the pain. These help to reduce the pain and allow the patient to perform routine activities. These medications are advised to consume as suggested by the doctor.
- Light Activity- Slow and short-distance walks are advised to the patient after the surgery. These walks should be done with the help of a walker or crutches to avoid pressure on the legs. Being completely passive can make the situation difficult for the patient.
- Cervical Collar- A cervical collar supports the neck after the surgery. The collar also helps to lower the unnecessary neck movements that can ruin the operative procedure. The collar should be used as suggested by the doctor for faster recovery.

When to Consult a Doctor

You can also get in touch with the expert Ortho doctors at Narayana Healthcare based in your city to get immediate attention and medical support during injuries, health disorders or any other health concern.

Conclusion

Cervical Laminectomy is a surgical procedure to lower the pressure on the spine and allow the patient to get rid of issues such as neck pain, restricted neck movement, and issues in the movement of arms and legs. The surgery is helpful for people to get rid of stubborn neck pain and lead a routine life seamlessly.

Reference Links

- https://www.narayanahealth.org/blog/cervical-degenerative-spine/
- https://www.precisionhealth.com.au/healthcare-services/advanced-neurosurgery-spinal-surgery/procedures-and-surgery/cervical-laminectomy/
- https://www.neurosurgery.columbia.edu/patient-care/treatments/cervical-laminectomy